Life in outer space: Infrared data debugged

Supervaluations Debugged

We must begin by stating an erroneous view. Modality may be supposed to affect the assertion in its formal character, and without regard to that which is asserted. We may take for instance a content S – P, not yet asserted, and may claim for modality the power of affirming this content S – P, unaltered and unqualified, in several ways. S – P, it is supposed, may be asserted, for instance, eithe...

Plants circling in outer space

Plants do not grow in a strict linear manner, rather they circumnutate. That is, they exhibit an oscillatory or helical growth pattern around an axis. Circumnutation is readily apparent in vines such as morning glory or grape (Fig. 1), but in fact it is nearly ubiquitous in plants. Circumnutation occurs in almost all plant organs throughout all stages of development (Johnsson, 1997; Larson, 200...

Developmental Biology in Outer Space

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Contracting orbits in Outer space

We show that strongly contracting geodesics in Outer space project to parameterized quasigeodesics in the free factor complex. This result provides a converse to a theorem of Bestvina– Feighn, and is used to give conditions for when a subgroup of Out(F) has a quasi-isometric orbit map into the free factor complex. It also allows one to construct many new examples of strongly contracting geodesi...

Plants circling in outer space.